WKS 1: Acute and chronic pain management for pediatric patients
Santhanam Suresh, MD / Melissa Wheeler, MD

• Discriminate differences in both the types of pain syndromes and treatment strategies for pediatric chronic pain.
• Describe the role of interventional pain techniques, medication management, behavioral therapy and physiotherapy for pediatric chronic pain.
• Discuss assessment of acute pain in the child and the roles of various pain scales.
• Discuss multimodal treatment for acute and peri-procedural pain, and any role of pre-emptive analgesia.

WKS 2: Using fluoroscopy in interventional pain management
Honorio Benzon, MD

• Describe the current role of fluoroscopy for improving utility and safety for different pain management procedures.
• Demonstrate practical methods to improve optimal image acquisition, reduce radiation exposure to both operator and patient, and improve outcomes.
• Contrast and discuss potential roles for CT guidance and other imaging techniques.

WKS 3: Radiofrequency ablation techniques for chronic pain
Menno Sluijter, MD and James P. Rathmell, MD

• Compare and contrast radiofrequency ablation techniques with other neurodestructive methods.
• Explain practical uses of radiofrequency for common procedures such as facet joint rhizotomy and sympathetic ganglion ablation, including strategies to optimize results.
• Discuss patient selection and methods of predicting optimal patient response.

WKS 4: Clinical acupuncture techniques in adults and children
Yuan-Chi Lin, MD / Brenda Golianu, MD

• Explain the basic theory of acupuncture and describe scientific evidence for efficacy.
• Identify the most successful use of acupuncture for acute and chronic pain states.
• Characterize the current role for acupuncture in pain states and identify emerging indications.

WKS 5: Implantable Devices: Spinal cord stimulators and intraspinal pumps

Timothy Deer, MD / Richard L. Rauck, MD

• Describe neurobiological constructs of neuroaugmentation techniques.
• Explain current controversy regarding intraspinal pump patient selection, trial methods, and discuss complications such as catheter granuloma.
• Discuss spinal stimulation lead design, multiple lead placement and practical patient management strategies.
• Contrast the current use of single intraspinal medications with polypharmaceutical infusion therapy.